ISME Day 3

Keynote: Huib Schippers
Fearless convictions towards change
Everyone is inevitably flawed, but worthy of respect
Virtually every human being has the capacity to process musical sound, give meaning to it, and use it from birth to death
Music is the most practised activity that is not life or death-dependent
Music brings people together like nothing else
See article: an imaginary conversation between Carl Orff and Kodaly (2006). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/02557614261443628#core-collateral-purchase-access
Three critical interrelated junctures before us now:
Learners have specific music practices they want to invest in: agency, creativity, and ways of learning
Decolonise ways of learning. Eurocentric is not the only way.
Music learning doesn't die without formal learning structures
Check Ken Robinson on this
Most music learning takes place informally
Students are not a blank musical canvas—meet them from where they come/are
Most music is learned aurally
Because of access, the role of the teacher has changed
What happens to the music when you institutionalise it?
Experiencing music is not objective
The way we learn music determines to a large extent the way we experience it
Cultural diversity is not an option; it's a reflection of the world
1. Institutions change slowly
2. Music styles and ways of learning change quickly
3. Technology changes at breakneck speed
Teachers are also learners
Our job as teachers is not only to teach musical content, but to understand dynamic cultural ecosystems. We are not living in a static world
We are not victims of our surroundings; we are actors with a capacity and a duty to bring about change
If we disappear (teachers), music does not disappear
Music education is so important—people are losing touch with what it means to be human
All musics are equal. Western music is not bad Indian music. And vice versa. Mozart was shit at ragas and talas!
Music is not only used for good, but also for torture as well—it does not always elevate us
aimee.atkinson@boiseschools.org for student leadership
Project-based Learning
Projects begin with questions worth pursuing
Can add found sounds to projects—include rests
The role of music teachers—participants in shared learning, facilitators of curiosity and exploration, etc.
Success can be found in the questions students ask—which is not always measurable
Though it is meaningfully experienced together
Book: Project-Based Teaching and Learning in Music Education
Projects are not replicable. They can have similar starting points (start with the students)
An invitation to the students to work out what skills are needed
Projects are run in chunks through sessions (possibly)
What happens when we include it in what we do?
Positionality in Improvisation
Start with a listening activity
By imagining music, it is much like time-travelling and returning to emotions
Academic wheel of privilege
Privilege can change through your life
Positionality and pedagogic visions in improvisation
Kodaly and Vigotsky
Vigotsky—everyday concepts (spontaneous)—learn through real things and experimentation. Not necessary to have vocabulary
—scientific concepts; formal instruction needs to be embedded into 'everyday' practical experience to make for a unified concept
Kodaly—knowledge is grounded in lived experience. Work from the known to the unknown. Sound before sight
Pedagogical sequence: preparation (learn a song—'everyday'), presentation (make conscious—scientific), and practice (using in familiar context—making unified)
Through collaborative activity (teachers and learners)
There is a place in teaching for 'make conscious'—explicit instruction
This does tend to be prioritised
The preparation stage is very important
Need to get the students wanting to do the activity (that's the preparation)
Move away from immediately starting with the scientific concept
Create exploration activities that relate to the new concepts about to be taught
Towards a Pedagogical Framework for a Sound-Centered Approach to Music Education during Childhood
Music Education in the Western context has a limited understanding of skill
What children can teach us about what music can be...
Conceptual lens
Sound as artistic matter—sound-based music in the classroom
4 domains: soundscapes, invented musical instruments, sound microscopy (needs to be amplified), and post-digital media
Sononauts—searching the world through sound
Listening and creating sonic practice: collaborative, tool-mediated, exploratory, embodied/relational
Expanded sonic awareness
Expanded ideas—music and musicianship
Sense of belonging
Sound is an event, not an object
Listeners inhabit different sonic worlds
Activities
Musical Soccer with Questions and Answers:
Sing a 'question' to the person next to you
They sing and answer and sing a follow-up question to the next person, etc
Pass it around...
Can be done with a tune that the students know first if they need scaffolding
Drone and Melody:
In a group of 3, 2 players sustain a drone on any long note and 1 makes a melody
Drone notes can clash
When the melody person changes to play a drone note, the furthest drone person stops
The next person in the circle makes a melody
This moves around the circle
The only thing that needs to be agreed on is that everyone stays in the game
Can use Youtube cello drones as a warm-up
Ostinato and Rotating Solos
Start with mindfulness warm-up: Breathe in for 4, hold for 7, out for 8... 4 times
Ostinato (all)—it can change (each player makes up their own contribution)
Select a soloist to play on top
Harmony with Building Dissonance
Start all together but can also try dividing the group in 3
Start on Bb concert
Hand sign for going up (move up a half step, or a full step, or a scale degree—choose)
Hand sign down, same movement
Can move all three groups at the same time, or separately
Now, try up or down (conducted) as any interval
If sung, can be any vocalisation
Add dynamics
Mindfulness
Listen to the furthest to closest sound
Focus on breath
Eyes closed, vowel exploration, drop off one at a time until no one is left
Read: Mindfulness and Free Improv: a Holistic Approach to Cultivating Creativity and Awareness
Find 'Orff Rhythm Round'. Play and include improvisations.
Improvisation as Learning
Systematic literature review 2015-2025
5 components
1. Forms and Techniques (collective, free, bounded)
2. Tools and Media (instrument, voice, percussion)
3. Learning and Creating (scaffolding, model, exploring)
4. Movement and Cross Arts (body, dance, visual)
5. Games and Narratives (stories, play)
Constructivism, Pedagogy, and Democracy
Freedom must be exercised, or it might atrophy
SIA: strategic informal approach
Treats tension as productive
Teacher guidance, student autonomy (to be negotiated againa nd again)
Imagine, create, play, peer reflection, play peer-to-peer, share, reflect, etc.
Democracy is not an additional goal for constructivist education; it is fundamental
Teacher and students change in this democratic approach
Meditation in Class
A few minutes of connection at the start of class
Qigong—breathing and movement together
Routine
Building relationality with everyone moving together
Wack both opposite ankles in front, then in behind
Finish with a self-hug: arms stretched out in front, L over R. Enlace fingers together, twist in and under. Hold and breathe
Move focus away from stress and anxiety
Do a meditation before assessment
jcable@richmond.edu